螯合性表面活性剂LED3A-黑麦草联合修复镉-芘污染土壤

Synergistic Remediation of Cadmium-Pyrene Co-Contaminated Soil Using the Chelating Surfactant LED3A and Ryegrass

  • 摘要: 通过盆栽实验方法,研究LED3A强化黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)修复镉(Cd)、芘(Pyr, pyrene)及Cd-Pyr污染土壤的作用效果及机制。考察了LED3A浓度对植株生长(长度、鲜重、抗氧化响应)和土壤环境(土壤酶活、微生物活性)的影响,并探究LED3A-黑麦草联合修复对土壤中Cd、Pyr污染物的去除途径和规律。结果表明,LED3A 对黑麦草无毒害可促进根系发育,能够调节抗氧化酶以降低丙二醛(MDA)质量分数,提高土壤酶与微生物活性,促进植物与微生物协同去污。最佳LED3A浓度下(800 mg/kg),黑麦草对单一及复合污染土壤中Cd的提取效率提高了85.29%和55.41%,Pyr的提取效率提升了1.66倍和8.64倍,而Pyr的根际降解效率增大了7.95%和10.15%。LED3A通过螯合–增溶双重性能提高了污染物的生物可利用性,增效植物-根际-微生物体系实现对Cd和Pyr的同步去除。

     

    Abstract: Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects and mechanisms of LED3A-enhanced ryegrass remediation of cadmium (Cd), pyrene (Pyr), and Cd-Pyr contaminated soils. The effects of different LED3A concentrations on plant growth (height, fresh weight, and antioxidant responses) and soil properties (enzyme activities and microbial activity) were assessed, along with the pathways and dynamics of contaminant removal in the LED3A–rygrass system. The results showed that LED3A was non-toxic to ryegrass and promoted root development, modulated antioxidant enzymes to reduce MDA concentration, enhancing soil enzyme activities and microbial functions, and thereby facilitating synergistic contaminant removal by plants and microbes. At the optimal LED3A concentration (800 mg/kg), Cd extraction efficiency increased by 85.29% in single-contaminated soil and by 55.41% in co-contaminated soil, while Pyr extraction efficiency increased by 1.66-fold and 8.64-fold, respectively. Additionally, rhizosphere degradation of Pyr was increased by 7.95% and 10.15%. These results demonstrate that LED3A improves the bioavailability of pollutants through its dual chelation-solubilization properties, and enhances the plant-rhizosphere-microorganism system to achieve simultaneous removal of Cd and Pyr.

     

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