基于CNN-GRU-ATTENTION的SDN网络流量多步预测方法

A Multi-Step Traffic Forecasting Method for SDN Based on CNN-GRU-ATTENTION

  • 摘要: 针对软件定义网络(SDN)中传统预测模型难以捕捉流量序列的长相关性,在多步预测任务上精度较低的问题,本文提出一种融合卷积神经网络(CNN)、门控循环单元(GRU)和注意力(ATTENTION)机制的网络流量多步预测模型。该模型以CNN提取流量数据时空特征,借GRU自适应学习时序规律,用ATTENTION机制分配权重,缓解长序列信息衰减,实现多步预测。通过Mininet模拟环境收集SDN网络流量开展多步预测实验,初步验证模型有效性,进一步在Telecom Italia真实数据集测试,结果显示,该模型在MAE、MAPE和R2评价指标上较CNN-GRU、CNN-LSTM等模型分别实现至少16.05%、21.10%和3.35%的性能提升,表明该模型在长相关特征挖掘方面的优越性,为SDN网络流量的多步预测提供了具有更高预测精度的解决方案。

     

    Abstract: To address the issue that traditional prediction models in Software-Defined Networking (SDN) struggle to capture long-term correlations in traffic sequences and exhibit low accuracy in multi-step prediction tasks, this paper proposes a multi-step network traffic prediction model fusing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), and ATTENTION mechanism. The model uses CNN to extract spatiotemporal features of traffic data, leverages GRU to adaptively learn temporal patterns, and employs ATTENTION mechanism to assign weights, alleviating information decay in long sequences for multi-step prediction. Multi-step prediction experiments were conducted by collecting SDN network traffic in a Mininet simulation environment, initially verifying the model's effectiveness. Further testing on the Telecom Italia real-world dataset shows that the model achieves at least 16.05%, 21.10%, and 3.35% performance improvements over CNN-GRU, CNN-LSTM and other mainstream models in MAE, MAPE, and R2 metrics, respectively. This demonstrates the model's superiority in mining long-term correlation features, providing a higher-precision solution for multi-step prediction of SDN network traffic.

     

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