Abstract: Based on panel data of 248 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2012 to 2022, this paper empirically investigates the impact and mechanisms of new quality productive forces on household consumption upgrading using panel models. The empirical results show that new quality productive forces exert a significant positive promoting effect on household consumption upgrading, and this finding holds after a series of robustness tests. New quality productive forces promote household consumption upgrading mainly through industrial structure upgrading and employment structure optimization. New quality productive forces exert a more pronounced promoting effect on residents' consumption upgrading in cities with a high level of market integration and those designated as intellectual property demonstration pilots. Effective government plays a positive moderating role in the impact of new quality productive forces on residents' consumption upgrading.