磁耦合悬臂双梁振动能量采集器性能研究

A Study on the Characteristics of Magnetically Coupled Piezoelectric Energy Harvester with Cantilever Double-beam

  • 摘要: 传统的压电振动能量采集器只能在较窄的谐振频段收集振动能量,为了拓展压电振动能量采集器的高效能量采集频带,将磁耦合结构引入E型悬臂双梁压电振动能量采集器,利用能量法和分析力学方法建立了压电悬臂双梁振动能量采集器的非线性动力学模型,分析了加速度激励、磁铁质量、磁铁间距对压电悬臂双梁能量采集器动态特性和电能输出特性的影响规律。通过与非磁耦合线性系统的比较表明,磁耦合力能够使系统产生双稳态非线性振动,可有效拓展能量采集带宽并提高输出电压,在适当的磁铁间距下,采集器的频带宽度拓展了近4倍,使系统较线性结构具有更高的能量采集效率;同时适当的加速度激励能触发悬臂梁势阱间的跃迁运动,从而实现较大电压输出;并且在特定的外部激励下,降低端部质量比能使采集器在更宽的频带上采集能量。

     

    Abstract: Traditional piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters can only collect vibration energy within a relatively narrow resonant frequency band.In order to expand the efficient energy harvesting bandwidth of piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters, a magnetically coupled structure is introduced into a piezoelectric energy harvester with E-type cantilever double-beam.A nonlinear dynamic model of the piezoelectric vibration energy harvester is established based on the principle of energy and analytical mechanics.The effects of acceleration excitation, magnet mass, and magnet spacing on the vibration characteristics of the cantilever beam and the output voltage of the piezoelectric layer are studied and compared with the non-magnetically coupled linear system.The results show that the magnetic coupling force can make the system generate bistable nonlinear vibration, which can effectively expand the energy harvesting bandwidth and increase the output voltage, under the appropriate magnetic field spacing, the bandwidth of the piezoelectric energy harvester has been expanded by nearly four times, and make the system gain higher energy harvesting efficiency than the linear structure.Meanwhile, appropriate acceleration excitation can trigger the transition motion between the potential wells of the cantilever beams, thereby achieving a larger voltage output.And under specific external incentives, reducing the end-mass ratio will enable the collector to collect energy over a wider frequency band.

     

/

返回文章
返回