Abstract: With the extensive development of urban underground space, an increasing number of excavation projects are constructed in close proximity to adjacent underground structures, resulting in most retaining structures being subjected to limited soil conditions.Current research on excavations with limited soil zones has primarily focused on earth pressure, while studies on deformation characteristics remain relatively scarce.To address this issue, this study conducted a series of physical model tests using a self-designed test chamber to investigate the deformation behavior of retaining piles and ground surface settlements on both the limited soil side and the semi-infinite soil side during excavation.Subsequently, a Plaxis 3D finite element model incorporating the hardening soil small-strain（HSS） constitutive model was developed to simulate the excavation process in limited soil conditions.The numerical model was validated against the experimental results, demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of the HSS model in analyzing excavation-induced deformations under limited soil conditions.Building upon this validation, a comprehensive parametric study was conducted to examine the influence of key factors, including soil width, excavation depth, bracing section size, soil internal friction angle, retaining pile length on the deformation response of excavations with limited soil zones.Finally, to facilitate practical engineering applications, a set of design charts was developed based on the parametric analysis results.These charts provide a convenient tool for predicting the maximum deformation response induced by excavation in limited soil conditions, providing valuable guidance for the design and construction of such excavations.